National Rural Health Mission- A promising approach towards better Rural Health
The state has selected 28,693 nos of ASHAs (Accredited Social Health Activists) till date who accompanies the pregnant woman to health institution for delivery, motivates mothers and family members for immunization of children.
Women and children are the most vulnerable section of population in the society and the health status of these groups is one of the major indicators of country’s development. In developing countries like India, the Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) and the Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) are very high compared to other countries. National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), Assam is trying to improve the health scenario of the region by providing effective health care delivery system, especially in the rural areas. It has adopted different strategies to achieve the NRHM goals.
The state has selected 28,693 nos of ASHAs (Accredited Social Health Activists) till date who accompanies the pregnant woman to health institution for delivery, motivates mothers and family members for immunization of children, early & exclusive breast feeding, complementary feeding, good hygienic practices, etc. The Village Health and Sanitation Committees (VHSC) have also been formed in each village which is responsible for developing situation specific village health action plan. Again, the Sub Centres have been strengthened by providing funds and appointing an extra ANM from NRHM. Simultaneously, the state in a phase manner have taken up Sub Centre for conducting normal delivery, for which the ANM of the Sub Centre have been given training on Skill Birth Attendant (SBA). Accordingly, the Primary Health Centres and Community Health Centres have been strengthen by providing funds for managing the hospital and to take up patient centric activities for improving the supportive services of the hospitals.
As health is critically linked with nutrition, water and sanitation, NRHM includes strategies for operational convergence to ensure that there is demonstrable synergy between these sectors. It has adopted a sector wide approach with the other National Programmes like, The Reproductive & Child Health Programme (RCH-II), the National Disease control programmes (NDCP) and the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) along with convergence with other departments like Public Health Engineering (PHED), Education Department etc. Mainstreaming of Ayurvedic, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy system of Health (AYUSH) is another approach of NRHM towards the better health care delivery for the community. NRHM has implemented different programmes like School Health Programme, Yoga programme, establishing Adolescent Health Clinics, etc. along with various schemes for the welfare of the economically poor families. The NRHM, Assam has launched schemes like “Mamoni”, “Majoni”, “Mamata”, etc. to provide economic help to the pregnant women for having nutritious foods, to ensure safe growth of the girl child and to ensure safe infancy. The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) scheme is another such scheme to ensure safe delivery and good health of both the mother and the newborn and to reduce maternal and neonatal deaths. The Mobile Medical Unit (MMU), Boat clinic to reach the people residing in the Riverine Island (Char), Emergency Response Service-“Mrityunjoy-108”, Broadcasting of “ASHA Radio programme” to make the ASHAs and the community aware about different health schemes of NRHM and health related information, etc. are some major initiatives of NRHM. Village Health and Nutrition day (VHND) organized by the ASHA and the Angan Wadi Worker(AWW) along with the ANM in the village, is the most effective platform where check up of the pregnant women and immunization of the children are being done free of cost. All the strategies and initiatives under NRHM have made possible the primary health care services for the poor residing in the villages and remote areas. The health status of the rural people has improved after launching NRHM. But, there are some pockets where the immunization coverage is still very poor. The maternal and infant mortality are also high in those areas. Proper monitoring and evaluation can improve the service delivery to these areas. For sustainable development of health status of the state along with the country, proper situation analysis, strategic implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the programmes will be needed.
As health is critically linked with nutrition, water and sanitation, NRHM includes strategies for operational convergence to ensure that there is demonstrable synergy between these sectors. It has adopted a sector wide approach with the other National Programmes like, The Reproductive & Child Health Programme (RCH-II), the National Disease control programmes (NDCP) and the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) along with convergence with other departments like Public Health Engineering (PHED), Education Department etc. Mainstreaming of Ayurvedic, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy system of Health (AYUSH) is another approach of NRHM towards the better health care delivery for the community. NRHM has implemented different programmes like School Health Programme, Yoga programme, establishing Adolescent Health Clinics, etc. along with various schemes for the welfare of the economically poor families. The NRHM, Assam has launched schemes like “Mamoni”, “Majoni”, “Mamata”, etc. to provide economic help to the pregnant women for having nutritious foods, to ensure safe growth of the girl child and to ensure safe infancy. The Janani Suraksha Yojana (JSY) scheme is another such scheme to ensure safe delivery and good health of both the mother and the newborn and to reduce maternal and neonatal deaths. The Mobile Medical Unit (MMU), Boat clinic to reach the people residing in the Riverine Island (Char), Emergency Response Service-“Mrityunjoy-108”, Broadcasting of “ASHA Radio programme” to make the ASHAs and the community aware about different health schemes of NRHM and health related information, etc. are some major initiatives of NRHM. Village Health and Nutrition day (VHND) organized by the ASHA and the Angan Wadi Worker(AWW) along with the ANM in the village, is the most effective platform where check up of the pregnant women and immunization of the children are being done free of cost. All the strategies and initiatives under NRHM have made possible the primary health care services for the poor residing in the villages and remote areas. The health status of the rural people has improved after launching NRHM. But, there are some pockets where the immunization coverage is still very poor. The maternal and infant mortality are also high in those areas. Proper monitoring and evaluation can improve the service delivery to these areas. For sustainable development of health status of the state along with the country, proper situation analysis, strategic implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the programmes will be needed.
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